Unit 7 - Personal Experiences

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Spotty will make a cake	The action will take place in the future.
Spotty was sleeping when Tessa came in.	The action took place in the past and it was a long action.
Spotty played with Tessa in the park.	The action took place in the past and it was a short action.
Spotty is reading a newspaper.	The action takes place now and it is a short action.
Spotty always watches TV in the evening.	The action takes place in various times. It took place in the past, in takes place now and it will take place in the future too.

Hi, I'm Mike. I have got a diary. My diary is like my friend. I usually write about my feelings in it. I share a lot with my diary.

Hello, I'm Jeremy. I haven't got a diary because I don't like writing about my feelings. I like talking about them. I have very good friends and I share my feelings with them.

Have you ever been to the top of Ben Nevis?
I've never seen such a beautiful scene.
Bu iki cümleyi inceleyelim. İkisi de geçmişteki, ancak tam olarak zamanı belli olmayan eylemleri anlatır.

Burada kullanılan tense'e "present perfect tense" deriz. İngilizce dilbilgisinde çok kullanılan bu tense, gelecek ile içinde bulunduğumuz zaman arasında bir bağlantı kurar.

Kullanımı;
"have + v3" şeklindedir.

3. tekil şahıslar için "have" yerine "has" kullanılmalıdır.

Have burada yardımcı fiil rolündedir.
v3 ise, fiilin üçüncü hali demektir. Daha önce geçmiş zaman için fiilin ikinci halini kullanmıştık. Perfect tense isimli bu kullanım için de v3 kullanacağız.
Düzenli fiillerde, ikinci ve üçüncü haller aynıdır, yani kısaca fiilin sonuna "-ed" ekleriz. Bazı sık kullanılan düzensiz fiillerin üçüncü halleri tabloda verelim.

v1	v2	v3		v1	v2	v3
come build cut fall go see leave write sell sleep take understand win wear say teach read	came built cut fell went saw left wrote sold slept took understood won wore said taught read	come built cut fallen gone seen left written sold slept taken understood won worn said taught read		find catch do drive have make meet run sit speak tell buy stand eat give hear know think	found caught did drove had made met ran sat spoke told bought stood ate gave heard knew thought	found caught done driven had made met ran sat spoken told bought stood eaten gave heard known thought

Geçmişte yaşadığımız tecrübeler, bu tense'e en güzel örnektir. "Geçmişte, şu eylemi yaptım" demek için bu tense'i kullanırız.
I have been to Rome.
I have played baseball.
I have seen that movie.

-Have you ever been to Antalya?
-Yes, I have been to Antalya.

-Have you ever been to Adana?
-No, I haven't been to Adana.

-Have you ever been to Trabzon?
-No, I have never been to Trabzon.

-Have you ever been abroad?
-Yes I have.
-Which countries have you been to?
-I have been to Germany and Bosnia. What about you?
-I have never been abroad. I would like to go to Australia.

Jack didn't know about Aunt Carole's trip to Africa. Tessa didn't know about it either.
Jack and Tessa didn't know about Aunt Carole's trip to Africa.

It is Caroline's dream to go to Africa. It is Jack's dream to go to Africa too.
It is Caroline's and Jack's dream.

Buradaki cümlelerde, iki kişinin aynı durumundan bahsediliyor. Bu durumu, eğer cümleler olumlu ise sonuna cümlenin "too" ekleyerek, eğer cümleler olumsuzsa cümlenin sonuna "either" ekleyerek yaparız.
I want chocolate. Ayşe wants chocolate too.
I don't want to sing. Ali doesn't want to sing either.

-I'm very happy
-I'm very happy too. (Me too.)
-I'm not sad
-I'm not sad either. (Me neither.)
"Neither" kelimesini, "not either" gibi düşünebiliriz. Either olumsuz yapıdaki cümlelerde kullanılırken, "neither" kelimesi zaten olumsuz mana verdiği için, olumlu yapıdaki cümlelerde kullanılmalıdır. Özellikle kısa cevaplarda "neither" tercih edilir.
-I don't want to play football now.
-I don't want to play football now either. (Me neither)
-I didn't go shopping yesterday
-Me neither.

-Hi Robbie, can I make an interview with you?
-Ok, Let's have an interview.
-Tell us about yourself.
-I like travelling very much. I've been to many countries such as the USA, Italy and Türkiye.
-I haven't been to those countries.
-Oh! Haven't you been to Italy or the USA? You should go as soon as possible. Those are wonderful places.
-Do you like traditional food, What's your favourite?
-I like traditional food very much. My favourite is Chinese food.
-I've never eaten Chinese food. What's it like?
-Haven't you ever tried it? Oh! It's great, you should try it some time. In fact, let's go to a Chinese restaurant now!

Robie is a very famous person. We made a little interview with him. He likes travelling very much and he has been to many countries such as the USA, Italy and Türkiye. He liked all of them and he thinks they are wonderful places. He likes traditional food too. Especially Chinese food. He said it's great and he offered to take me to a Chinese restaurant.

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Son Gelen Soru

-ed ve ing?????? Tam olarak öğretmeninizin ne anlattığını anlamasam da,fiillerden sıfat yapmaktan bahsetmiş olabilir.Participle fiilden türeyen ve cümlede sıfat olarak kullanılan kelimelerdir. fiil.......go(gitmek) buna " ing" eklenirse sıfat haline gelmiş olur sıfat hali.....going(giden) cümlede örnekle " the going girl"(giden kız)..(nasıl kız diye sorunca cevabı giden kız yani sıfat haline getirilmiş) Fiilin past yani geçmiş hali için düzenli fiillerde "ed" takısı... Cevabı ve devamı için tıklayın >>