Unit 5 - Atatürk: The Founder of Turkish Republic

İngilizce yılları okumak için, önce ilk iki basamak, sonra son iki basamak okunur.

1980	nineteen eighty	1453	fourteen fifty three
1879	eighteen seventy nine	1993	nineteen ninety three
1201	twelve oh one	1907	nineteen oh seven
632	six thirty two	430	four thirty

2000'li yılları bu şekilde okununca karışıklık olacağı için, normal sayı şeklinde okunuyor. Karışıklık olmayacak ise, diğer yöntem ile de okunabilir.

2002	two thousand and two	2008	two thousand and eight
2010	two thousand and ten
2096	two thousand and ninety six	veya	twenty ninetysix

Ayın günü söylenirken, daha önce öğrendiğimiz sıra sayıları kullanılır. (First, Second gibi)

22 November	the twenty second of November
18/Aug	the eighteenth of August
06/01	the sixth of January
03/02	the twenty third of February

Atatürk : The Founder of Turkish Republic

On May 19, 1919, Mustafa Kemal Pasha landed in Samsun to start the War of Independence. On April 23, 1920, The Turkish Grand National Assembly was founded. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was elected to its Presidency. In July 1923, the national government signed the Lausanne Treaty. In October, Ankara became the capital. On October 29, the Republic was proclaimed and Mustafa Kemal was elected President of Turkish Republic. During his fifteen year Presidency, he made political, social, legal, economic, educational, and cultural reforms. He created e new political and legal system, abolished the Caliphate and made both government and education secular, gave equal rights to women, changed the alphabet and the attire, and advanced the arts and the sciences, agriculture and industry. In 1934, when the surname law was adopted, the national parliament gave him the name " Atatürk " which means Father of the Turks. On November 10, 1938, following an illness of a few months, the national hero died. But his legacy to his people and to the world endures.

"Peace at home, Peace in the world" emphasises the importance of peace. It show that we don't want war, we want peace in our lands and we want peace in all the world too. War is not a good thing.

All of those statements are about continuing events in the past. They are questions. The first question starts with "what". It's a question word. We use it to gain information. The other sentences start with "was, were". They are the past forms of "am, is, are". These two sentences does not ask about information, they ask if the statements are correct. They are called "yes-no questions".

I would like to ask him about his memories.
I would like to ask him to tell some stories about the war.
I would like to ask him for advice for the new generation.

-Hello, sir. I'd like to make an interview with you for a school project.
-I would be very happy to give you an interview. Do you have any questions?
-Yes, I'd like to ask about your personal information first, what is your name and how old are you?
-My name's Hasan Çavuş. I'm very old now. I'm 100.
-What do you lie to do in your free time?
-I like to chat with my friends. They are old too but they are very dear for me. I love them very much.
-Are they your friends from the army?
-Only a few of them are. Most of my friends from the army died.
-Could you tell us about the war?
-Yes, I was 13 years old when it started. I was working in cotton fields. Then we joined the army and fought against the enemy.
-Was the war very difficult.
-Yes, those were very difficult times.
-Why was it difficult? Did you have enough water and food?
-We couldn't find clean food and water. We couldn't find enough ammunition either. The enemy's army had better conditions but we were very brave.
-Was the enemy's army bigger?
-Yes, they had more soldiers than our army.
-How was the weather?
-It was very hot. We needed a lot of water, but we could find only a little. It wasn't enough.
-What's your opinion about war?
-War is a very bad thing. It is horrible. People shouldn't kill each other. People should talk to each other and reach a conclusion. I hope we never have war again.
-Thank you, sir. You are a hero and very important for us.

His name is Hasan Çavuş. He is 100 years old. Today, he likes to chat with his friends. He was 13 years old when the war started. He said that the war was very difficult. The weather was very hot, but they couldn't find enough clean water and food. The enemy's army had better conditions but the Turkish soldiers were very brave. He said that the war is a terrible thing. People shouldn't kill each other because they can talk and reach a conclusion. He hopes we never have war again.

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