Unit 2 - Lesson 1 - Daily Routine

He is a sportsman. He is very tall. I think he is a basketballer.

Şimdi geniş zamanı ifade etmeyi öğreneceğiz. Geniş zaman, yani "simple present tense" ile sürekli yaptığımız eylemleri anlatırız.

1. tekil ve çoğul şahıslarda (yani isim cümlelerinde "am" ve "are" ile kullandığımız şahıslarda) fiil yalın hali ile kullanılır.
3. tekil şahıslarda (yani isim cümlelerinde yardımcı fiil olarak "is" kullandığımız şahıslarda) ise, fiilin sonuna "-s" eki getirilir.

My friend works in Ankara. He goes to Ankara every Monday and stays in his house in Ankara on weekdays. At the weekends, he returns to Eskişehir and he stays with his mother.

The girl does her homework after school. She watches tv after she finishes her homework.

Sıklık ifade etmek için en çok "always, usually, often, sometimes, never" gibi ifadeleri kullanırız.

İngilizce dilbilgisinde sıklık bildiren ifadelerin, geniş zaman ile kullanıldıklarına sık sık rastlarız.

I always brush my teeth after meals.
He usually plays football after school.
She sometimes visits her grandmother.
They never go for a drive after dinner.

I never go to work on Sundays.

I often play football with my friends.

I always do my homework after school.

I always eat lunch at noon and I sometimes go shopping with my mother.

-What's your daily routine? What do you do in the morning everyday?
-I get up at half past seven everyday. I make my bed and get dressed. Then I wash my face and have breakfast. I have breakfast at a quarter to eight. Then I leave home for school at ten past eight. What about you?

I love sports. I like cycling, I like table tennis and I like football.

Sevdiğimiz şeylerden bahsederken "like" fiilini kullanırız. Sevmediğimiz şeylerden bahsederken ise "dislike" fiilini kullanırız. Ayrıca bunun yerine "don't like" da diyebiliriz.
I like tea.
I like milk.
I don't like coke.
I like chicken. I don't like hamburger.

En çok dikkat etmemiz gereken şey şudur; Eğer cümlenin öznesi "o" ise, yani 3. tekil şahıs ise fiilin sonuna "-s" eki eklenmelidir.
I like painting.
He likes fishing.
I dislike reading a story.
Mary dislikes swimming.

Olumsuz halde 3. tekil şahıs için "doesn't" kullanılır.
I don't like going for a walk.
She doesn't like cycling.

Unutmayalım, "-s" eklenmesi için öznenin hem tekil olması, hem de 3. şahıs olması lazım. "ben" veya "sen" özne olursa "-s" kullanılmaz!

Ten students like playing basketball but three students dislike it.
I like playing basketball and playing chess.

Sevdiğimiz iki şeyi sıralarken araya "and" yazmalıyız. "and", "ve" manasına gelir.
I like kebab and salad.

Sevmediğimiz iki şeyi sıralarken ise araya "or" yazılır. "or", "veya" manasına gelir.
I don't like carrot or lettuce.

Sevdiğimiz bir şeyi söyledikten hemen sonra, başka birşeyi sevmediğimizi söyleyecek olursak, araya "but" yazmalıyız. "but", "fakat" manasına gelir.
I like oranges but I don't like bananas.

-Do you like orange juice?
-Yes I like orange juice. veya -Yes, I do veya -Yes.

-Do you like cheese?
-No, I don't like cheese veya -No, I don't veya -No.

-Do you like chocolate?
-Yes, I like chocolate very much. I like cakes very much too but I don't like pudding.

Sevdiğimiz veya sevmediğimiz eylemlerden, aktivitelerden bahsetmek için de "like" veya "don't like" kullanabiliriz. Eylemlerden bahsetmek için fiil kullanırız. "like" ve "don't like" tan sonra fiil kullanacağımız zaman fiilin sonuna "-ing" ekleyerek kullanmalıyız.
I like dancing and listening to music.
I don't like playing football.
I don't like skating but I like cycling.

Çok sevdiğimiz şeyleri "love" kelimesini kullanarak anlatabiliriz. "like" kelimesinden daha kuvvetli bir ifade sağlar.
I love playing computer games.
I love watching TV.

Nefret ettiğimiz şeyleri ise "hate" kelimesini kullanarak anlatabiliriz. "don't like" kelimesinden daha kuvvetli bir ifade sağlar.
I hate reading newspapers.
I hate playing chess.

I like eating ice cream and I love chocolate ice cream.
I love drawing pictures.
I don't like walking and I hate running.

I play computer games in my free times. I have got a hobby too. I collect stamps for my hobby. My hobby is collecting stamps.

"Can" sözcüğü, cümleye "yapabilir" anlamı katar. Becerilerimizi "can" kelimesiyle anlatabiliriz.
I can swim.
My father can drive a truck.
I can run fast.

-Can you play table tennis?
-Yes, I can

Olumsuz yapmak için "can" yerine "can't" deriz. Böylece cümleye "yapamaz" anlamı katmış oluruz.
-Can you play the piano?
-No, I can't

I can't talk Chinese.
I can't swim.
I have got a baby brother. He is one year old. He can't speak. He can't run. He can't jump.
I can jump but my brother can't.
I can talk but my brother can't.

My friend can swim very fast but I can't.
My friend and I can play table tennis.

Soru haline getirmek için "can"i cümlenin başına getiririz.Unutmayalım ki, yüklem olan fiil yalın halde kullanılmalıdır.
-Can you ride a bicycle?
-Yes I can.
-Can you drive a car?
-No I can't, but my father can.

-Can a rabbit run fast?
-Yes it can.
-Can it fly too?
-No, it can't fly.

I can't cook very well but I can play tennis. I can't sing well and I can't play the guitar. I can't dive but I can swim. I can ski too.

My friend can cook but she can't play tennis. My friend can sing well and she can play the guitar. She can't dive and she can't swim. My friend can ski too.

My hobbies are playing table tennis and cycling. I am good at table tennis and I am very good at cycling.

-I can swim very well but I can't run 500 meters. I can play the piano but I'm not good at it. I can play volleyball and I can walk like a duck but I can't cook a meal. I can speak German.
-Can you sing or play the guitar?
-No, I can't sing or play the guitar.

"Can" kelimesinin kullanımı ile ilgili özet bilgi böyledir...

-Can you drive a car?
-Do you walk to school every day?
-Do you go to high school?
-Can you climb a tree?
-Do you live with your family?
-Do you watch TV everyday?
-Do you study hard?
-Can you use a computer?
-Do you play games on your computer?

None of my friends can drive a car.
Some of my friends walk to school every day.
All of my friends go to high school.
Ten of my friends live with their families.
Six of my friends can climb a tree.
Bu cümlelerde "none, some, all" gibi kelimeleri miktar belirteci olarak kullandık. "All" tamamı, "none" hiçbiri manalarına gelir. "some" ise, tam olarak belli olmayan bir miktarı "birkaç, biraz" şeklinde ifade eder.

I know main events of Atatürk's life. He opens the Turkish Grand National Assembly on April twenty-third of nineteen twenty.

We celebrate Republic Day on October 29th every year. We organise ceremonies and parades on that day. The soldiers make a parade on avenues. Students join the parade too. Children read poems and students sing and dance in the ceremonies.

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